口译名师韩刚
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口译名师，乐思福教育董事长，新闻司发言人
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, 11 September 2012
has enjoyed fast economic development for over 30 years. During the past decade in particular, we firmly seized the strategic opportunities for development, made hard and pioneering efforts, and scored new historic achievements in economic and social development. From 2002 to 2011, China's GDP grew at an average annual rate of 10.7%, and moved up from the sixth to the second place in the world. Our per capita GDP rose from 1,000-plus US dollars to 5,432 US dollars. China's foreign trade volume also climbed from the sixth to the second place in the world, and foreign exchange reserves exceeded three trillion US dollars. China's industrial structure was upgraded, its agricultural foundation was consolidated, and regional development became much more balanced. All-round progress was made in social programs and people's livelihood significantly improved. We have withstood the test of many disasters, difficulties and risks. In the recent five years in particular, we effectively tackled the huge impact of the international financial crisis and sustained steady and fast economic growth. We owe these achievements to the strength of reform and opening-up, the persevering spirit of the Chinese nation and our tireless efforts in exploring a path of scientific development and harmonious society. Here I wish to share with you what we did and what we have learned in this course of our endeavors.
, 14 September 2011
cannot develop itself in isolation from the world and the world also needs China for its development. Here, I wish to reiterate that China's opening-up to the outside world is a long-term commitment which covers all fields and is mutually beneficial. China's basic state policy of opening-up will never change. We will continue to get actively involved in economic globalization and work to build a fair and equitable international trading regime and financial system. We will continue to improve foreign-related economic laws, regulations and policies so as to make China's investment environment in keeping with international standard, transparent and more business friendly.
's economy is generally in good shape. Since the beginning of this year, its economic growth has taken an orderly shift from being driven by policy stimulus to self-generating growth, moving in the right direction of macroeconomic regulation. In the first half of this year, China's GDP grew by 9.6%, and its trade surplus decreased by 17.6%, thanks to increasing domestic consumption. A total of 6.55 million urban jobs have been created. Price rises as a whole are under control, market supply of important goods is ensured and structural adjustment of economic sectors is moving forward. Business profits and government revenues are increasing quite fast. People's income has steadily increased, and their lives have further improved. Since the second quarter, the economic growth has dropped somewhat, but this is mostly the result of proactive macro regulation and is not beyond our expectation. We will address the pressing challenges in the economy and continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy. We will maintain continuity and stability in macroeconomic policy and make our policy responses more targeted, flexible and forward-looking in light of changes in the economy. We will maintain control over the intensity, pace and focus of macroeconomic regulation and strike a balance among maintaining stable and fast economic growth, adjusting economic structure and managing inflation expectation. This will enable us to maintain general stability of prices as a whole, prevent major economic fluctuations and meet this year's goals for economic and social development.
University, Beijing, China
And to all of you, welcome to Beijing.
And I take it from your remarks that while you did study hard, you also enjoyed Hawaii.
It’s great to know that we have such strong partnerships between the East West Center with Peking University.& Beida is actually enjoying its first day of the school year and some 35,000 students are flooding this campus and the associated campus, and it’s great to see the parents and the students here.& Beida has such a great history of education and educating and turning out the future business and government leaders of China and indeed the world.
You are right, the future of the world depends on high quality education of all of our children.
They’re listed here, but again, we want to thank China Daily and especially thank Beida for hosting us on this very very busy day.
I want to thank all of you for what you have done to strengthen relations between the United States and China.& I’m very pleased to be asked to speak here today at the East West Center’s International Alumni Conference because over its 50 year history the East West Center has served as the preeminent academic institution in connecting the United States with Asia, located conveniently in the middle of the Pacific Ocean in beautiful Honolulu.
The United States Department of State is proud to have been a long-time contributor to the East West Center.
From Korea to Burma to Sri Lanka, many of whom are here at this year’s conference.
So you must have really exciting, fun conferences to attract people from such large distances.
There are many famous alumni at the East West Center including, as I’m sure all of you here today know, President Obama’s mother, Ann Dunham.
That’s why conferences such as this, focused on community building and leadership in Asia Pacific, are so important.
From education to the environment to good governance you will help us develop common solutions.
Three of the world’s four largest economies and some of the most vital ecosystems.& Taken together, the Asia Pacific region accounts for almost 60 percent of the world’s GDP and this region is critical to addressing nearly every international challenge that we face today.
She’s the first Secretary of State to visit Laos or Burma in over half a century& On her upcoming trip to Asia, in addition to a series of important meetings with China’s senior leaders this coming Tuesday and Wednesday, Secretary Clinton will also be the first Secretary of State to visit Timor-Leste, Asia’s youngest country.
To that end we’re reenergizing our relationships throughout the region, from our traditional allies to our friends in ASEAN and here in China.
This agreement would promote innovation, economic growth and development, ensuring the continued economic dynamism of the Asia Pacific region.
As part of this initiative the United States will provide $50 million in assistance through the Lower Mekong Initiative which was launched in 2009 to address the Lower Mekong sub-region’s pressing transnational challenges in area of environment, health, agriculture, food security and energy.
We’re also reviewing our security presence to ensure we are best able to continue to contribute to peace and stability.& The United States has had a security presence in the Asia Pacific for more than a century.& Our presence here has helped create the conditions in which the remarkable economic growth of the last three decades has taken place.& Thus we strongly believe, and I believe most in the region would agree, that our security presence here is beneficial to the countries of the region and necessary for the continued vitality of the Asia Pacific.& Our security presence is not aimed at any one country.
At the same time we can learn from each other, we can encourage each other, and we can hold each other accountable.& Together we can find the best ways to strengthen the rule of law, to tackle corruption, to support civil society, and to ensure that women, minorities, and persons with disabilities are protected.
We support the East Asia Summit becoming the capstone of an increasingly mature and effective regional architecture that deals with a broad range of key issues including political and strategic issues.
We have a shared interest in working together for the good of not just our own peoples, but the peoples of the entire region.
We intend to find a way to coexist and cooperate without unhealthy competition, rivalry or conflict.
We must therefore forge a relationship based on mutual respect and mutual benefit.
We need to demonstrate that our cooperation achieves real results and brings real benefits to both our peoples and the international community.
Fairness means guaranteeing a level playing field for healthy competition between U.S. and Chinese firms, establishing a more open investment climate and ensuring more opportunities for foreign goods, products and services, ending unfair distorting currency practices and improving protections of intellectual property that allow innovation to thrive.
We must give Iran a clear choice:& come in line with its international obligations and rejoin the community of nations, or face growing consequences.
The sooner Assad steps aside the sooner the bloodshed will come to an end and the sooner the Syrian people will be able to decide their own future.& Both of our countries have an interest in a stable and prosperous Middle East which is threatened by continued violence in Syria.
Fifty years from now we want the history books to describe our great accomplishments together and not that we failed to act.
There are issues on which we hold very differing views such as human rights and basic freedoms.& The promotion of universal human rights is an essential element of American foreign policy.& It reflects who we are as a people and our belief that respecting these rights is in every country’s national interest.
We welcome a strong prosperous China that takes its rightful role on the world stage.& And we want to partner more fully with China to promote peace, stability and development which benefits our two countries, the Asia Pacific region, and indeed, the international community.
Forty years ago it would have been difficult to imagine the interdependence that characterizes our two economies today.& To put this in tangible terms, in 1972 when President Nixon first came to China, our yearly bilateral trade was less than $100 million.& Two-way investment in each other’s markets was close to zero, and only a handful of American jobs relied on trade with China.
An even larger number of Chinese jobs are anchored by trade with the United States.& People in both countries are benefiting from this deepening economic integration and measured against the past where the relationship has been.&& Our two sides have made enormous progress.
has also agreed to undertake reforms on its tariffs and taxes on imported goods which will expand imports and domestic consumption.
is also taking steps to improve the protection of intellectual property rights, trade secrets and trademarks -- all of which is as much a priority for Chinese entrepreneurs as it is for foreign companies.
These actions represent progress that also translates into greater opportunities for U.S. workers and companies.
This trend is a very positive development for both the United States and China.
At the same time, Chinese investment into the United States creates American jobs, boosts U.S. exports, and creates stronger U.S. economic and commercial ties.
We welcome Chinese investment in the United States, the same way that companies from other countries have invested in America.& We recognize that foreign investment, including Chinese investment, is vital to our economic growth, job creation, and productivity.
Ways that show that cooperation leads to real benefits for real people in both countries.
This research led the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to require all U.S. manufacturers of enriched cereal grain products to fortify their products with folic acid.& As a result of this decision the rates of spina bifuda and other serious defects of the brain and spine have decreased significantly in the U.S. as well as other countries that have implemented a similar policy.
Travel between our countries fosters improved understanding between our two peoples and facilitates cooperation and collaboration in every field.
But just as important, the United States government funds more American students to study in China than any other country in the world.
Though we only have, as she indicated, some 20,000 American students studying in China.& That’s not enough.& That’s why President Obama launched his 100,000 Strong Initiative which seeks to have 100,000 students studying in China over the next four years.& We’re working hand in hand with key private sector partners to make this objective a reality.& We hope that many of you in your companies will support this endeavor.
This is a 40 percent increase over last year.
We’ve informed the Chinese government that the United States is willing to give five year visas for business, tourism or educational travel to the United States for Chinese visitors.
And a strong U.S. economy is good for China.& And a strong U.S.-China relationship is good for the Asia Pacific region because geopolitics today cannot afford a zero sum game.
The power politics of the past no longer work.
We live in an interdependent world, transformed by advances in technology and transportation that allow the rapid flow of goods, information and people to every corner of the world.
From climate change to poverty, from nuclear proliferation to diseases.& No country can solve these problems alone.
Pollution knows no national borders.& Drought knows no national borders.& An epidemic can travel from one continent to another as quickly as a passenger jet can fly.
And a picture or a video or a comment can travel from Smart Phone to Smart Phone on the opposite side of the planet in an instant.
The United States has an enduring interest in maintaining peace and prosperity across this entire region, and we will remain fully committed to long-term engagement with the countries and peoples of Asia Pacific.
Have a great conference.& Mahalo.
Convention Center
China dropped three places in the World Economic Forum's global competitiveness rankings this year.
As CRI's Su Yi reports from the summer Davos summit in Tianjin, economists and business leaders say the fall on the chart that covers more than 140 economies does NOT just reflect the slowing-down of China's economy and the problems in its manufacturing sector.
When talking about China's competitiveness, attendees from both business and academic circles at the summer Davos summit do not appear too worried about China losing its advantages in the manufacturing sector.
Razeen Sally, a public policy professor at the National University of Singapore, says even though China is facing downward pressure on economic growth, the country could still benefit from the different economic conditions it offers.
"China also has a secondary economy, which is in its interior provinces, with a population of 500 million or more, where labor costs are considerably lower. So the cheap-labor basis manufacturing advantage still exists in China."
Boston Consulting Group CEO and President Hans-Paul Burkner echoes this view, saying the restructuring of the labor market from the coastal area to the inland could provide room to increase productivity, which national competitiveness is all about.
"In terms of the increasing labor costs, there is a huge potential to increase the potential to increase productivity. Chinese companies do not have to move their factories outside China in order to still be competitive. They should just increase their productivity by using more machinery and, in general, upgrading their game."
Jennifer Blake, the report's co-author and a leading economist at the World Economic Forum, says China loses points in what she calls "efficiency enhancers."
"Financial market development, technological readiness, goods market efficiency – these three areas are particularly important for China."
Blake also lists three other areas in which China could particularly improve in the future—better education, open competition, and heavier investments in technological innovation.
It is fair to say that China's policymakers and business leaders have realized the importance of the points Blake mentioned, with the government and businesses having put more focus on so-called emerging strategic industries.
But public policy professor Razeen Sally from the National University of Singapore shows some skepticism toward the trend of government rushing into these sectors without a comprehensive strategy.
"Low-income or even middle income countries – and China is a mix of both – some of these countries think they can do everything at the same time, or they can make the giant leap from the basic catch-up growth to becoming cutting-edge technological leaders. That's simply not possible."
Boston Consulting Group CEO Hans-Paul Burkner says an adventure-friendly and competitive market environment is vital for businesses in the emerging strategic industries.
"It is very important to provide companies an opportunity to try out things. We always see some companies fail, but the more Chinese companies that experiment and compete, the more successful they will be."
Like Burkner, economists and business leaders at this year's summit believe that no matter whether losing manufacturing advantages is an urgent matter or not, companies must try out new things with an open mind to maintain and boost China's competitiveness.
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可以查看更多内容，还可以评论和回复。[转载]习近平八个“坚持”确立中国巨轮的新航标
65年磨砺前行，65年春华秋实。
　　金秋十月，鲜花簇拥，我们伟大的共和国迎来了65岁生日。在65岁华诞前夜，国务院在人民大会堂举行国庆招待会，热烈庆祝中华人民共和国成立65周年。习近平主席发表讲话。纵观新中国历史，这是新世纪以来首次由国家元首在国庆招待会上发表讲话，内涵丰富，意义重大。
　　习近平主席在回顾共和国65年走过的历程后，展望未来，提出八个“坚持”，舆论认为，习主席讲话为破浪前行的中国航船确立了新航标。这引发舆论热议，网民们纷纷发出“祖国万岁！”“中国加油！”之类的点赞。
　　这八个“坚持”是：坚持同人民在一起；坚持走自己的路；坚持抓好发展这个第一要务；坚持改革创新；坚持走和平发展道路；坚持把中国共产党建设好；坚持谦虚谨慎、戒骄戒躁；坚持高举团结的旗帜。
　　究其实质，这个八个“坚持”全面总结了中国发展事业的目的、道路、原则、方式方法、对外政策、党建与作风。与以往历年历次国庆招待会讲话相比，更为全面，分量不言而喻。
　　我们事业的根本目的是什么？习近平提出“以百姓心为心”的新提法，再次强调，“始终把实现好、维护好、发展好最广大人民根本利益作为一切工作的出发点和落脚点，让发展成果更多更公平惠及全体人民。”
　　习主席心中永远装着百姓。众所周知，习近平曾在陕北插队7年，与老百姓结下不解之缘。自十八大以来，从太行山深处的河北阜平到“瘠苦甲天下”的甘肃定西，从湘西特困农村到沂蒙革命老区，习主席深入老少边穷地区，关心百姓疾苦，关注社会公平。
　　我们的事业走什么道路？道路决定命运，这是一个大是大非问题。习主席指出：“我们自己的路，就是中国特色社会主义道路。”
　　且不谈中国历史上封建王朝无数次治乱交替，在近代以来百年历程中，无数志士仁人在探索中华民族复兴之道路，但依然走不出积贫积弱、饱受欺凌的怪圈。然而，在短短65年特别是改革开放30多年里，中国的面貌发生了天翻地覆的变化。如此鲜明的历史反差，奥秘何在？答案是我们走出了一条中国特色社会主义道路。
　　人们记得，十八大后仅十几天，习近平带领中共最高领导层参观“复兴之路”展览现场，引入注目地定义“中国梦”，提出实现梦想的“三个牢记”，其中就包括坚定不移地走中国特色社会主义道路。此后，习近平又在不同场合提出，要不断增强中国特色社会主义的道路自信、理论自信、制度自信。
　　我们的事业如何发展？习近平主席说：“除了深化改革，别无他途。”
　　人们记得，十八大后，习近平首次离京考察，选择的是我国改革开放中得风气之先的广东，寓意深刻，意味深长。“改革不停顿，开放不止步”——这是习近平在考察过程中铿锵有力的宣示。此后，习近平亲自兼任中央全面深化改革领导小组组长，迄今已主持5次小组会议，对深化各领域的改革进行战略部署。而今，习近平再度强调：“我们要适应历史前进的要求，坚定不移全面深化改革，敢于下深水、涉险滩，勇于破藩篱、扫障碍，推动中国始终走在时代前列。”
　　我们的事业需要什么对外政策？习近平说，我们要始终不渝走和平发展道路，始终不渝奉行互利共赢的开放战略。
　　去年以来，习近平在外交政策上提出了一系列新理念和新战略，赢得了广泛的国际共鸣。比如，打造“命运共同体”，提出新型安全观，构建新型大国关系，提出“亲诚惠容”的周边外交理念，倡议打造“丝绸之路经济带”和“21世纪海上丝绸之路经济带”，最近有针对性地表示欢迎各国搭乘中国发展的列车。用习近平的话说就是“世界好，中国才好。”
　　我们的事业办好的关键是什么？那就是中国共产党。在国庆招待会上提出党建问题，这是头一次。
　　十八大以来，习近平对从严管党治党提出一系列新要求，反“四风”、落实八项规定，党风廉政建设和反腐败日益深入人心，习近平提出的“老虎苍蝇一起打”成为流行语。十八大以来，已有50名省部级以上贪腐高官落马。反腐成绩单不断刷新，老百姓对此拍手称快。如今，习近平再现“铁汉”本色，提出：凡是影响党的创造力、凝聚力、战斗力的问题都要全力克服，凡是损害党的先进性和纯洁性的病症都要彻底医治，凡是滋生在党的健康肌体上的毒瘤都要坚决祛除。
　　我们的事业需要什么样的作风？那就是谦虚谨慎、慎终追远、团结一致。
　　习近平主席的提醒具有现实针对性。新世纪以来，中国经济连上几个台阶，目前中国经济总量跃居世界第二，也是世界第一大货物贸易国，中国经济增长对世界经济增长的贡献率接近30%，每年有超过1亿人次出境旅游。在此情况下，骄傲自满的情绪在全社会弥漫，一些人头脑有些发热。
　　其实，中国的经济总量蛋糕再大，一旦面对13亿人这个大分母，在全球范围内仅排在百名左右。此外，发展不平衡问题、贫富差距问题、环境问题依然凸显。正因为如此，习近平此次有针对性提出，“中国仍处于并将长期处于社会主义初级阶段的基本国情没有变”，“党不能骄傲自满，国家不能骄傲自满，领导层不能骄傲自满，人民不能骄傲自满。”
　　新航标已确立，信心已爆棚。只要中国这艘巨轮沿着习主席确立的航标破浪前行，中华民族伟大复兴的光辉彼岸就在前头。
在庆祝中华人民共和国成立65周年招待会上的讲话
　　（日）
　　习近平
&&&&女士们，先生们，
&&&&同志们，朋友们：
&&&&今晚，长安街华灯璀璨，天安门前鲜花簇拥，金秋的北京，洋溢着浓郁的喜庆气氛。我们伟大的人民共和国，已经走过了65年的光辉历程。
&&&&日，天安门城楼上，毛泽东同志向全世界庄严宣告：中华人民共和国成立了！第一面五星红旗在北京上空冉冉升起。经历了近代以来100多年苦难斗争的中国人民，终于迎来中华民族浴火重生的曙光。
&&&&“一唱雄鸡天下白。”中华人民共和国的诞生，使亿万中国人民成了国家、社会和自己命运的主人，满怀豪情开始了实现国家富强、民族振兴、人民幸福的伟大征程。
&&&&65年，在人类发展史上只是弹指一挥间。但是，中国人民在这个时间段内，创造了波澜壮阔、惊天动地的历史。
&&&&65年来，中国由新民主主义走向社会主义，开创和拓展中国特色社会主义道路，使社会主义这一人类社会的美好理想在古老的中国大地上变成了具有强大生命力的成功道路和制度体系。这不仅为中华民族实现伟大复兴提供了重要制度保障，而且为人类社会走向美好未来提供了具有充分说服力的道路和制度选择。
&&&&65年来，中国的社会生产力、综合国力实现了历史性跨越，人民生活实现了从贫困到温饱再到总体小康的历史性跨越。这不仅使中国彻底抛掉了“东亚病夫”的帽子，而且为人类战胜贫困、为发展中国家寻找发展道路提供了成功的实例。
&&&&65年来，中国奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，坚持和平共处五项原则，秉持公道，伸张正义，始终站在广大发展中国家一边，身体力行维护世界和平、促进共同发展。这不仅极大提高了中国的国际地位，而且为推动世界多极化、经济全球化、国际关系民主化，为促进世界力量平衡作出了重大贡献。
&&&&历史，往往需要经过岁月的风雨才能看得更清楚。回首往事，我们更加清晰地感到，中华人民共和国的成立，不仅是中华民族发展史上的一个伟大事件，也是人类发展史上的一个伟大事件。
&&&&今天，我们完全可以自豪地说，一个充满生机的中国，一个充满希望的中国，已经巍然屹立在世界的东方。
&&&&同志们、朋友们！
&&&&在这里，我代表党中央、国务院，向全国各族人民、全体共产党员，向中国人民解放军指战员和武警部队官兵，向各民主党派和无党派人士，致以崇高的敬意！向香港特别行政区同胞、澳门特别行政区同胞、台湾同胞和广大海外侨胞，致以诚挚的问候！向支持和帮助新中国建设事业的友好国家和国际友人，致以衷心的感谢！
&&&&此时此刻，我们更加怀念近代以后为民族独立和人民解放作出贡献的一切仁人志士和革命先烈，更加怀念为新中国成立和发展建立了卓越功勋的老一辈领导人，更加怀念为新中国建设发展献出生命的一切英雄模范和先进人物。
&&&&可以告慰他们的是，他们信仰的理想正在实现，他们开创的事业正在继续，他们书写的历史必将由我们继续书写下去。
&&&&同志们、朋友们！
&&&&回顾历史的时刻，也是展望未来的时刻。我们人民共和国的航船正在破浪前进，我们比历史上任何时期都更接近中华民族伟大复兴的目标。
&&&&任何奋斗目标都不会轻轻松松实现，前进道路从来不是一帆风顺的。我们前面的路还很长，不会那样平坦，我们必须准备进行具有许多新的历史特点的伟大斗争。过去，中国人民有志气有能力战胜各种艰难险阻、铸就我们人民共和国的辉煌。今天，中国人民也一定能够战胜可以预见和难以预见的各种艰难险阻，铸就我们人民共和国更大的辉煌。
&&&&——面向未来，我们必须坚持同人民在一起。人民是历史的创造者。我们要紧紧依靠人民，充分发挥人民主体作用，尊重人民首创精神，为了人民干事创业，依靠人民干事创业。我们要坚持“以百姓心为心”，倾听人民心声，汲取人民智慧，始终把实现好、维护好、发展好最广大人民根本利益作为一切工作的出发点和落脚点，让发展成果更多更公平惠及全体人民。
&&&&——面向未来，我们必须坚持走自己的路。方向决定道路，道路决定命运。我们自己的路，就是中国特色社会主义道路。这条道路，是中国共产党带领中国人民历经千辛万苦、付出巨大代价开辟出来的，是被实践证明了的符合中国国情、适合时代发展要求的正确道路。我们要不断增强中国特色社会主义道路自信、理论自信、制度自信，使中国特色社会主义这条康庄大道越走越宽广。
&&&&——面向未来，我们必须坚持抓好发展这个第一要务。发展才能自强，科学发展才能永续发展。我们要坚持以经济建设为中心、以科学发展为主题、以造福人民为根本目的，不断解放和发展社会生产力，全面推进经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设、生态文明建设，不断开拓生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的文明发展道路，为实现全体人民共同富裕而不懈努力。
&&&&——面向未来，我们必须坚持改革创新。“天行健，君子以自强不息。”人类社会总是在不断创新创造中前进的。要破解中国发展中面临的难题、化解来自各方面的风险挑战，除了深化改革，别无他途。中华民族以伟大创造能力著称于世。我们要适应历史前进的要求，坚定不移全面深化改革，敢于下深水、涉险滩，勇于破藩篱、扫障碍，推动中国始终走在时代前列。
&&&&——面向未来，我们必须坚持走和平发展道路。人类共处一个地球。世界好，中国才能好。中国爱好和平，历来知道“国虽大，好战必亡”的道理。我们要始终不渝走和平发展道路，始终不渝奉行互利共赢的开放战略，维护国际公平正义，促进世界和平与发展。中国将坚定不移维护自己的国家主权、安全、发展利益。
&&&&——面向未来，我们必须坚持把中国共产党建设好。办好中国的事情，关键在中国共产党。我们要坚持党要管党、从严治党，增强党自我净化、自我完善、自我革新、自我提高能力，永不动摇信仰，永不脱离群众。凡是影响党的创造力、凝聚力、战斗力的问题都要全力克服，凡是损害党的先进性和纯洁性的病症都要彻底医治，凡是滋生在党的健康肌体上的毒瘤都要坚决祛除，使中国共产党始终同人民心连心、同呼吸、共命运。
&&&&——面向未来，我们必须坚持谦虚谨慎、戒骄戒躁。虚心使人进步，骄傲使人落后。中国仍处于并将长期处于社会主义初级阶段的基本国情没有变，实现13亿多人共同富裕任重道远。生于忧患，死于安乐。无论什么时候我们都不能骄傲自满，党不能骄傲自满，国家不能骄傲自满，领导层不能骄傲自满，人民不能骄傲自满，而是要增强忧患意识、慎终追远，始终保持艰苦奋斗的作风。
&&&&——面向未来，我们必须坚持高举团结的旗帜。团结就是力量，团结越紧力量越大。中国13亿多人同心同德、群策群力，中国力量就无比强大。我们要加强中国共产党全党的团结，加强中国共产党同各民主党派的亲密合作，保持党同人民群众的血肉联系。我们要巩固和发展全国各族人民的大团结，加强海内外中华儿女的大团结。我们要大力培育和践行社会主义核心价值观，用共同理想信念凝聚民族意志，用中国精神激发中国力量，动员全体中华儿女共同创造中华民族新的伟业。
&&&&同志们、朋友们！
&&&&不断推进“一国两制”事业，是包括香港同胞、澳门同胞在内的全体中华儿女的共同愿望，符合国家根本利益和香港、澳门长远利益。中央政府将坚定不移贯彻“一国两制”方针和基本法，坚定不移维护香港、澳门长期繁荣稳定。我们坚信，在祖国大家庭中，香港同胞、澳门同胞一定能够创造更加美好的未来。
&&&&兄弟同心，其利断金。解决台湾问题、实现祖国完全统一，是海内外全体中华儿女的共同心愿。两岸同胞要继续努力，巩固和发展两岸关系和平发展良好势头，坚持一个中国原则，坚决反对“台独”分裂活动，为祖国和平统一创造更充分的条件，使两岸一家亲、共筑中国梦。
&&&&同志们、朋友们！
&&&&“浩渺行无极，扬帆但信风。”祖国960多万平方公里的锦绣河山，为我们创造伟业铺就了广阔舞台。中华民族5000多年创造的灿烂文明，为我们奋勇前进提供了强大精神力量。新中国成立65年来取得的巨大发展成就，为我们再创辉煌奠定了坚实基础。
&&&&全党全国各族人民、海内外中华儿女，让我们手拉手、肩并肩，高高扬起中国航船的风帆，朝着中华民族伟大复兴的光辉彼岸，继续破浪前进吧！
&&&&现在，我提议：
&&&&为中华人民共和国成立65周年，
&&&&为中国繁荣富强和全国各族人民幸福安康，
&&&&为中国人民同世界各国人民的友谊和合作，
&&&&为在座各位来宾、各位同志、各位朋友的健康，
&&&&干杯！
解析习近平眼里的好干部标准
人民网北京10月1日电近日出版的《十八大以来重要文献选编》（上册），收录了日习近平在全国组织工作会议上的讲话，这也是该文首次全文公开发表。习近平在这篇讲话中回答了三个非常重要的问题：怎样才是好干部？怎样成长为好干部？怎样把好干部用起来？人民日报客户端《时局》栏目刊发文章《习近平眼里的好干部什么样？》一文指出，这无疑为我们观察习近平在选人用人方面的思路和方略提供了一个很好的窗口。
原标题：人民日报客户端：习近平眼里的好干部什么样？
人民网北京10月1日电
&近日出版的《十八大以来重要文献选编》（上册），收录了日习近平在全国组织工作会议上的讲话，这也是该文首次全文公开发表。习近平在这篇讲话中回答了三个非常重要的问题：怎样才是好干部？怎样成长为好干部？怎样把好干部用起来？人民日报客户端《时局》栏目刊发文章《习近平眼里的好干部什么样？》一文指出，这无疑为我们观察习近平在选人用人方面的思路和方略提供了一个很好的窗口。
◎怎样才是好干部？至少要信念坚定，敢于担当。
好干部的标准，大的来说就是德才兼备。政治上靠得住，工作上有本事，作风上过得硬、人民群众信得过是德才兼备的时代内涵。至于“好干部”的具体标准，习近平在这个讲话中用20个字予以概括：信念坚定、为民服务、勤政务实、敢于担当、清正廉洁。在这几个标准中，习近平特别强调了信念坚定和敢于担当。
“理想信念坚定，是好干部第一位的标准，是不是好干部首先看这一条。”
习近平在讲话中指出，理想信念是共产党人精神上的“钙”，理想信念坚定，骨头就硬；没有理想信念，或理想信念不坚定，精神上就会“缺钙”，就会得“软骨病”。
理想信念坚定就是要在大是大非面前旗帜鲜明，在风浪考验面前无所畏惧，在各种诱惑面前立场坚定。一句话说就是要在关键时刻靠得住、信得过、能放心。“如果理想信念不坚定，政治上不合格，经不起风浪，这样的干部能耐再大也不是我们党需要的好干部。”
“坚持原则，敢于担当是党的干部必须具备的基本素质”。
“为官避事平生耻。担当大小，体现着干部的胸怀、勇气、格调，有多大担当才能干多大事业。”有媒体统计显示，十八大以来，在不到两年的时间内，习近平在一系列讲话中，将近40次使用“担当”一词。而早在2010年，时任中央党校校长的习近平就说过：“看一个领导干部，很重要的是看有没有责任感，有没有担当精神。”今年2月，习近平在接受俄罗斯记者采访谈及执政理念时也说：我的执政理念，概括起来说就是“为人民服务，担当起该担当的责任”。足见“担当”二字在习近平心中的分量。
怎样才是敢于担当？习近平指出，就是要坚持原则、认真负责，面对大是大非敢于亮剑，面对矛盾敢于迎难而上，面对危机敢于挺身而出，面对失误敢于承担责任，面对歪风邪气敢于坚决斗争。简言之，就是遇到问题不回避，遇到困难不躲避，遇到风险不逃避，敢于担责、敢于亮剑、敢于改革，还要对工作任劳任怨、尽心竭力，善始善终、善做善成。
◎怎样成长为好干部？主要是加强学习，基层实践。
好干部不会自然而然产生。习近平说，成长为一个好干部，一靠自身努力，二靠组织培养。
“成为好干部，就要不断改造主观世界、加强党性修养、加强品格陶冶。”
就是要有“与人不求备，检身若不及”的精神，时刻自重自省自警自励，努力做到“心不动于微利之诱，目不炫于五彩之惑”，老老实实做人，踏踏实实干事，清清白白为官。
“实践既是干部是否胜任的重要检验标准，也是培养锻炼干部的有效途径。”
习近平曾多次强调，“宰相必起于州郡，猛将必发于卒伍”，“基层实践是培养锻炼干部的‘练兵场’。”“地方尤其是基层一线是领导干部了解实际、向广大群众学习的好课堂，也是领导干部磨练作风、提高素质的大考场。到地方和基层一线工作，同基层干部和群众一起摸爬滚打，对于领导干部特别是年轻干部增长领导才干、积累实践经验、加快政治成熟至关重要。”
“干部多‘墩墩苗’没有什么坏处，把基础扎实了，后面的路才能走的更稳更远。”
“越是条件艰苦，困难大、矛盾多的地方，越能锤炼人。”
十八大后重要人事调整密集，其中最引人注目的是一批基层经验丰富的地方领导调任中央，如原陕西省委书记赵乐际调任中组部部长，原四川省委书记刘奇葆调任中宣部部长。可见重视干部的基层经历已成为习近平主政之后非常明确的用人导向。那么，基层实践的方向在哪里？
2013年，习近平在甘肃调研时指出，要多到群众最需要的地方去解决问题，多到发展最困难的地方去打开局面。这次会上，习近平再次提出，“干部要深入基层、深入实际、深入群众，在改革发展的主战场、维护稳定的第一线、服务群众的最前沿砥砺前行、提高本领。”
而今年9月25日，中央出台的《关于做好艰苦边远地区基层公务员考试录用工作的意见》，可谓是对习近平这个重基层重实践思路的一个及时生动的注解。
“对那些看得准、有潜力、有发展前途的年轻干部，要敢于给他们压担子，有计划安排他们去经受锻炼。”
习近平一直十分重视对年轻干部的培养。
如何培养？习近平在讲话中强调了两点：
一是年轻干部应该到基层一线去锻炼，“越是有培养前途的年轻干部，越要放到艰苦环境中去，越要派到改革和发展的第一线去，让他们在实践锻炼中增强党性、改进作风、磨练意志、陶冶情操、提升境界、增长才干。”而且这种锻炼不是做样子的，应该是多岗位，长时间的，是没有预设晋升路线图的。
二是培养不等于照顾。干部的成长必须经过必要的台阶、递进式的历练和培养。一步登天在这个时代是行不通的。不能今天一来，明天就想走；刚提拔，板凳还没有坐热，又想要升迁，这样的人是靠不住的。
◎怎样把好干部用起来？首先是知人察人，以事择人。
用一贤人则群贤毕至，见贤思齐就蔚然成风，选什么人是风向标，就有什么样的干部作风，乃至就有什么样的党风。
2013年2月，习近平在甘肃调研时就曾强调，要树立正确的用人导向，使那些对群众感情真挚、深得群众拥护的干部，那些说话办事有灼见、有效率的干部，那些对上对下都实实在在、不玩虚招的干部，那些清正廉洁、公众形象好的干部，得到褒奖和重用；那些享乐思想严重、热衷于形式主义、严重脱离群众的干部，受到警醒和惩戒。4个月后，习近平在全国组织工作会议上重提用人导向问题。
“用人得当，首先要知人”
早在主政浙江时，习近平就曾撰文谈到“‘一把手’要在实践中识人辨才。”如何在实践中辨识人才？那就是对干部的认识不能停留在感觉和印象上，要多渠道，多层次，多侧面深入了解。习近平在讲话中指出一是要观察其对重大问题的思考，对群众的感情，对待名利的态度，处理复杂问题的过程和结果；二是要在大事小节中察其德，要多到基层干部群众中去，多在乡语口碑中了解干部。
“要坚持全面、历史、辩证看干部，注重一贯表现和全部工作。”
习近平在这里特别给组织部门打招呼，“一定要为那些勇担当、有本事、坚持原则、不怕得罪人、个性鲜明的干部说公道话。”
习近平在讲话中还透露出两点重要的信息：一是考核干部政绩的方法手段要变了，要既看发展又看基础，既看显绩又看潜绩。简单以GDP来论英雄的时代过去了，民生改革、社会进步、生态效益等指标和实绩都要作为重要考核内容了。二是那种拍脑袋决策，拍胸脯蛮干，拍屁股走人的“三拍”干部的好日子到头了，别再想着留下一屁股烂账还能官照当职照升，以后将要实行终身追责制了。
“科学合理使用干部就是要用当其时，用其所长”
“骏马能历险，力田不如牛。坚车能载重，渡河不如舟。”习近平在这个讲话中强调，用什么人，用在什么岗位上，一定要从工作需要出发，以事择人，而不是论资排辈，平衡照顾，更不能简单把职位作为奖励干部的手段。选贤任能要用当其时，知人善用、人尽其才，把好干部及时发现出来、合理使用起来。
“使用人之风真正纯洁起来”
习近平在讲话中提到，由于一些领导干部的私心杂念，由于关系网、潜规则的存在，使得用人唯贤被丢在一边，任人唯亲，任人为利的问题发生了。对这些干部群众深恶痛绝的问题，必须下决心加以整治。
对整治用人之风，习近平态度坚决：对那些跑官要官、买官卖官的人，决不能重用；对那些“带病提拔”、“带病上岗”的人，要坚决清理。要严明组织人事纪律，对违反组织人事纪律的坚决不放过，对跑官要官、买官卖官的决不姑息，发现一起，查处一起。
参照上述标准，那些阿谀奉迎、弄虚作假、不干实事、会跑会要的干部；那些为人圆滑世故，遇事明哲保身，混得左右逢源的“圆滑官”；那些怕得罪人，怕丢选票，搞无原则的一团和气的“老好人”；那些身居其位不谋其政，推诿扯皮、不求有功、但求无过的“太平官”，在进步的道路上差不多都可以“洗洗睡”了。
以上网友发言只代表其个人观点，不代表新浪网的观点或立场。