湛江雅思英语培训如何学阅读？_百度知道
湛江雅思英语培训如何学阅读？
我有更好的答案
雅思8Test3Reading2Question 14—18 Genius天才、天赋n.Gifted有天赋的，有才华的adj.Giftedness有天才，有才华n.A、
真正的天赋的人在所有领域都有天赋。与第二段的（第三行）it is popularly that if people are talented in one area they must be defective（有错误的、不完美的adj.） in another 与A项不符。B、
天才的天分很早就耗竭。与第二段的（第四行）…that prodigies（prodigy天才，奇才n.）burn too brightly too soon and burn out…其中soon 与原文表达一样，exhaust（耗尽、用完）与原文burn out同义，表达：天才早期就“江郎才尽”的意思。因此B项是答案C、
天才就应该使用他们的天赋。第二段的（倒数第四行）…or that people with gifts have a responsibility to use them其中should（应该）对应原文：have a responsibility to do sth.的结构，use 也对应use，因此C项正确D、
每一代人都有天才。Generation（代沟n.），在原文里（第二段）没有提及每一代人都有天才的说法。E、
打击挫折很容易毁灭天才。在原文里（第二段）没有提及天才的天赋被毁的相关信息。F、
天赋是遗传的。Inherit（继承，遗传v.）第二段（第六行最后一个单词开始）…that genius runs in families 那么is inherited与runs in families近义，因此F正确。G、
天才很难与人相处。第二段只是说天才的行为怪异，无法推出天才与人社交的难度H、
人们难以理解正真的天才。Appreciate（感激、感谢、欣赏、意识到、理解v.）第二段（第六行）…that there’s a thin line between genius and madness…可以推出：难以理解正真的天才。因此H项正确。I、
天才是天生的领导者。在第二段中没有提及天才的领导才能。J、
天才通过困难铸造成就。Greatness（著名，成就n.），第二段（倒数第四行）…that adversity（灾难、厄运、逆境n.） make men wise…difficulties与adversity同义，因此J正确。K、
天才的天分总能显现出来（always reveal）。与第二段（倒数第五行）..that genius goes unrecognised（不认可、不显露） 那么也就是always reveal与unrecognised相反，因此错误。
采纳率：17%
更多实用的rocky english的英语学习资料分享，你可以在看看，个人觉得对于学习地道英语帮助很大：我没带现金。I'm out of cash.我现在没有多少现金。I don't have much money on me now.May I borrow some money? (能借点儿钱吗?)I don't have much money on me now. (我现在没有多少现金。)I didn't bring very much money with me. (我身上没带多少现金。)I'm a little short of money now. (我现在钱不够用。)身无分文。I'm broke.May I borrow ten dollars? (能借给我10美元吗?)Sorry, I'm broke. (对不起，我现在身无分文。)I have no money.I'm out of money.I'm flat broke. * 强调的说法。现在我有很多现金。I have a lot of money on me now.I brought a lot of money with me. (我带来了许多现金。)I'm rich now. (我现在很有钱。)
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第一时间获得英语学习帮助。Elon Musk激励人的114句话中文版 【“有时间再看系列”变身立即读座右铭】
&一大帮热心的小编为大家把Elon Musk的114句最激励人的话翻译成中文啦！你收藏的&有时间再看&好文章分分秒变身震撼你的114个瞬间！分享给你的小伙伴吧（主页君已成为Elon脑残粉～
Elon:&If there are 2 paths and we have to choose one thing or the other, and one wasn't obviously better than the other, then rather than spend a lot of time trying to figure out which one is slightly better, we'll just pick one and do it. Sometimes we'd be wrong and we picked the suboptimal path, often it's better to pick a path and do it than to just vacillate on a choice.&
- Stanford Entrepreneurship Corner (10/8/2003, http://ecorner.stanford.edu/authorMaterialInfo.html?mid=381)
Elon: 如果有两条路而我们只能选择一个，那与其反复纠结哪一条路稍微好那么一点儿，还不如果断地选择然后行动。也许我们会错误地选择稍差的那一条，但在一个选择上优柔寡断是更大的损失。
Elon(When asked to compare Zip2 and Paypal, which are the 2 companies he built before SpaceX and Tesla): I took the similar approaches to building both companies, which was to have a small group of very talented people and keep it small. Paypal had about 30 engineers, for a system that I would say is more sophisticated than Federal Reserve Clearing System.&
- Stanford Entrepreneurship Corner, http://ecorner.stanford.edu/authorMaterialInfo.html?mid=381
&Elon:（当被问及如何比较Zip2和Paypal，这两家公司都是他在创办SpaceX和Tesla之前创办的）我用相似的方法来创造这两家公司，我坚持用一批极有天赋的团队并且保持其精致的规模。Paypal只有30个工程师，然而我认为它比美国联邦储蓄结算系统复杂卓越得多。
Elon: We don't worry too much about Intellectual Property, paperwork and legal stuff, we are very focused on building the best product that we possibly could, both Zip2 and Paypal were very product-focused companies. We were incredibly obsessed about how do we build something that would really going to be the best possible customer experience. That was a far more effective selling tool than having a giant sales force or taking up marketing gimmicks or 12-step processes or whatever.&
- Stanford Entrepreneurship Corner, http://ecorner.stanford.edu/authorMaterialInfo.html?mid=381
Elon: 我们并不考虑太多关于智力产权、文书工作和法律的表面功夫，我们仅仅关注如何尽所能做最好的产品。Zip2和Paypal都是以产品为重点的公司。我们执迷于使产品拥有最佳的客户体验。这种对产品质量的执着追求远比大批销售人员、花俏的营销噱头或者所谓的12部生产法高效得多。
Elon&(When asked about the most important qualities of Entrepreneurs): An obsessive nature with respect to the quality of the product is very important, so being obsessive and impulsive is a good thing in this context. Really liking what you do, whoever area you get into, even if you are the best of the best, there always a chance of failure, so it's important that what you really like what you are doing, if you don't like it, life is too short. If you like what you are doing, you'll think about it even when you are not working, it's something your mind is drawn to, you just really can't make it work, I think.&
- Stanford Entrepreneurship Corner, http://ecorner.stanford.edu/authorMaterialInfo.html?mid=381
Elon:（当问及企业家最重要的品质）对产品质量的执着是非常重要的，因此执著和发自内心的激情是很重要的。你必须非常热爱你所做的，不论是哪一个领域。即使你已经是做到了最好的最好，你仍然有失败的可能。因此你热爱你所做的是及其重要的。如果你不喜欢，生命短暂何必浪费在这上面。如果你热爱，即使你不在工作你也会想这件事，你的大脑会不由自主地被牵引。
Elon(on Paypal): Developing the software and have it ready for the general public reasonably coincide with us being able to conclude those deals to interface with the outside vendors, and all that took about a year. I think one thing important is try not to serialize dependencies, put as many elements in parallel as possible, a lot of things have a gestation period, it's very hard to accelerate that gestation period, if you can have all those things gestating in parallel, then that is one way to substantially accelerate your timeline. I think people tend to serialize things too much.&
- Stanford Entrepreneurship Corner, http://ecorner.stanford.edu/authorMaterialInfo.html?mid=381
Elon: 在我们完成开发paypal程序的同时，们做好了向外界销售的准备，总共花了一年左右的时间，这是在我们的准备之中的。我觉得很重要的一点是人不要总是把该做的事情序列化（serialize），一件做完再做另外一件，而应该竟可能地把每件事情平行地放在时间轴上。很多事情都要长期地孕育，而你不能加速其完成的时间，你便应该让他们同时进行，这是一个极好的提高创业效率的途径，而大多数人都倾向于序列化不同的事。
Elon(When starting Zip2): I didn't have any money, in fact, I had negative money, I had huge student debts,&I couldn't afford a place to stay and a an office, so I just rented an office instead. I just slept on a futon, and showered at YMCA(Young Man's Christian Association), that's best shape I've ever been - shower, workout, and you are good to go.&There was an ISP on the floor below us, just a little tiny ISP, we drilled a hole through the floor and connected to their cable. That gave us Internet connectivity for $100/month.&We had an absurdly tiny burn rate. We also had a tiny revenue stream. We actually had more revenue than we had expenses, so we talked to VCs, we could actually say we had a positive cash flow.&
- Stanford Entrepreneurship Corner, http://ecorner.stanford.edu/authorMaterialInfo.html?mid=381
&(在创办Zip2初期) 我那是没有钱，实际上，我有满满的债，我有很多学生贷款没有还。我付不起一个办公的地方，所以我租了一个办公室。我只是睡在临时毯子上，在青年基督协会提供的地方洗澡。不过那时我很好：洗澡、运动然后去工作。那时候有一个互联网服务提供商（ISP）在我们楼下，只是一个很迷你的ISP。我们在地板上挖了一个小洞接上他们的电缆，这给了我们100刀每月的互联网链接。那是我们花费得很少，收入也很少。当我们的收入大于支出的时候，我们就开始了风险投资，于是我们终于有了正的现金流。
Elon: Space is a tough one for first-time entrepreneurs, you better off starting something that requires low capital, and space is a high capital effort.&
- Stanford Entrepreneurship Corner, http://ecorner.stanford.edu/authorMaterialInfo.html?mid=381
&做太空探索的生意对于刚涉足的企业家来说是很困难的，你最好从一个需要资本少的项目开始，太空探索要的资本太高。
8, (Context: when launching the 4th rocket, after the first 3 rockets failed to reach orbit)
Interviewer: When you had that 3rd failure in a row, did you think I need to pack this in?
Elon: Never.
Interviewer: Why not?
Elon:&I don't ever give up. I'd have to be dead or completely incapacitated.
- SpaceX: Entrepreneur's race to space, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PNwg8FvfuuU#t=577
（当之前发射的3个火箭都没能到达轨道，正在准备发射第四枚火箭）
采访者：你之前的三次尝试都失败了，你会放弃么？
Elon: 想都别想
采访者：为什么不？
Elon: 只要我还有呼吸能动，我就绝不放弃。
9, I was beat up pretty badly as a kid and it left me with jagged septum. Harder to breath as I got older.&
- @elonmusk twitter
&我小时候被暴力地殴打，并留下了锯齿状的鼻中隔，随着我变老，呼吸越来越困难。
10, (Context: Elon was talking about the innovations that SpaceX had done)
Chris Anderson: You haven't patented these stuff, since you think it's more dangerous to patent than not to patent.
Elon: Since our primary competitors are international governments, then enforceability of patents are questionable.
- TED http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IgKWPdJWuBQ
当谈及SpaceX的创新
CA：你不给你的创新打上专利，是因为你认为申请专利比不申更危险，这是什么意思？
Elon：因为我们的主要竞争对少是世界各国的政府，因此专利的强制实施性这一点也会被质疑的。
11, (Childhood, being bullied)&
Maye Musk(Elon's Mother): Not that he told me much about it, but he was actually picked on(by other kids) quite a bit.
Elon: So I actually read a lot of books and tried to stay out of people's way during school.
- Bloomberg Risk Takers: Elon Musk (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CTJt547--AM)
&(童年，被胁迫)
Maye Musk（Elon的母亲）：他不是光跟我说很多这些事，而是他真的经常（被其他孩子）欺负。
Elon：所以我看很多书，尽量在学校避开他们。
12, (Childhood)
Elon: I read all the comics I could buy, or that they let me read at the bookstores before chasing me away. I read everything I could get my hands on from when I woke up to when I went to sleep. At one point, I really ran out of books, I started reading encyclopedia.
- Bloomberg Risk Takers: Elon Musk (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CTJt547--AM)
Elon：我读了所有我能买到的，或者那些书店店员在赶我走之前让我看的漫画书。从起床到上床睡觉，我看完了所有我能接触到的书。直到有一刻，我真的看完了所有的书，就开始读百科全书。
Maye Musk: He has a photographic memory, so he could remember everything.
- Bloomberg Risk Takers: Elon Musk (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CTJt547--AM)
&Maye Musk：他用图像的方法记忆，所以他能记住任何东西。
Kimbal Musk(Elon's brother): We decided that we were going to open an arcade near our high school, we were big into video games and we figured that it's going to be a huge hit. We got a lease on the building, we got the arcade provider to provide the equipment, and the only thing we needed to do at the end of it was to get the city to approve what we were doing. And of course, they told us we cannot open an arcade.
- Bloomberg Risk Takers: Elon Musk (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CTJt547--AM)
&Kimbal Musk（Elon的兄弟）：我们决定在高中附近开一个游戏厅，我们都是电子游戏的狂热者而且我们发现这会是一个巨大的成功。我们租到了场地，找到了提供设备的电子游戏机供应商，在最后唯一要做的事情就是要让市政府同意我们做的事情。很明显，他们告诉我们不能开游戏厅。
Elon: When I went to college, I rarely went to class. I just read the textbook and then chew up for exams.
- Bloomberg Risk Takers: Elon Musk (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CTJt547--AM)
& Elon：我上大学之后，很少去上课。我就看看课本然后开始准备考试。
Inc. Journalist: He(Elon) looked around and he saw that the world-changing stuff was not happening at Stanford.&
Elon: I didn't even go to the class (in Stanford).
- Bloomberg Risk Takers: Elon Musk (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CTJt547--AM)
Inc. journalist：他（Elon）看了看四周然后发现能改变世界的东西并没有在斯坦福出现。
Elon：我都没有（在斯坦福）去上课。&
Inc. journalist: (when Elon was starting Zip2 he had) $2000, no friends, barely enough money for an apartment. He was showering at the gym, because he didn't have a shower where he was living.
Kimbal Musk:&We spent 6 month sleeping in the office.
Elon:&We just got some futons, they were couches during the day, and turned to beds at night.
- Bloomberg Risk Takers: Elon Musk (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CTJt547--AM)
&Inc.journalist（当Elon开始Zip2的时候他有）2000美元，没有朋友，几乎没钱住公寓。他在健身房洗澡，因为他住的地方没有淋浴间。
Kimbal Musk：我们在办公室睡了六个月。
Elon: 有几个蒲团，它们白天是沙发，晚上就成了床。
Kimbal Musk(on Zip2): Elon was more of the business mastermind, I was more the sales guy.
Elon: I still have my core programming skills, I was able to write the software needed for the 1st company.
- Bloomberg Risk Takers: Elon Musk (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CTJt547--AM)
&Kimbal Musk（在Zip2上）：Elon更像是一个商业才子，我则是一个搞销售的。
Elon：我还有我的核心编程技术，能为排名第一的公司写程序。
The first thing he did (after sold Zip2 to Compaq) was to buy a big sports car, he comes from a family that really enjoys racing and vehicles, and he got the highest performance car money could buy at that time, a McLaren F1.&
- Bloomberg Risk Takers: Elon Musk (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CTJt547--AM)
&在他把Zip3卖给Compaq之后做的第一件事情就是买一辆大跑车。他的家族是非常喜欢赛马和跑车的。他买了可以那时候买到的性能最好的跑车&McLaren F1.
Elon: The goal in starting my 2nd internet company(Paypal) is to create something that would have profound effect.
- Bloomberg Risk Takers: Elon Musk (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CTJt547--AM)
Elon: 我准备创办我的第二家因特网公司（Paypal）的目标就是创造一些有长远价值和影响力的东西。 &
Kimbal Musk: When Elon was starting Paypal, his goal was not to improve person-to-person payment, his goal was to transform the financial industry.
- Bloomberg Risk Takers: Elon Musk (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CTJt547--AM)
&Kimbal Musk: 当Elon创造Paypal，他的目标不是去改善个人间支付的手段，而是去改变整个金融行业。
Elon was the only funder of the company(SpaceX) for the early years, another incredibly risky move, to say: nobody on the planet thinks this idea is financeable, I'm gonna fund all of it myself. He put in 100 million dollars, the majority of his net worth at the time.
- Bloomberg Risk Takers: Elon Musk (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CTJt547--AM)
&Elon在早年间是这家公司（SpaceX）的唯一金主，这是一招险棋，他说：世界上没有任何一个人认为这个想法子经济上行得通的，我要完全靠自己投资这个项目。
他投入了一亿美元，这是他资产净值的绝大部分。
Inc. Journalist:&If you ask Elon how he taught himself rocket science, he will just look at you very seriously and just say very quietly: I read a lot of books.
- Bloomberg Risk Takers: Elon Musk (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CTJt547--AM)
&记者：如果你问Elon他如何自学火箭科学，他会非常认真地看着你同时轻声说：我读了很多书。
Elon(telling his employees in Tesla during the financial crisis): I'm available 24/7 to help solve issues, call me 3am on a Sunday morning, I don't care.
- Bloomberg Risk Takers: Elon Musk (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CTJt547--AM)
&Elon（在金融危机期间告诉他的员工）：我接受全天候解决问题，如果你在周日早晨三点给我打电话，我不在意。
Elon(on Tesla's financial crisis in 2008): We had maybe about a week's worth of cash in the bank or less.
Inc. Journalist: He told me he was waking up in the middle of the night, and there'd be tears on his pillow.&
- Bloomberg Risk Takers: Elon Musk (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CTJt547--AM)
&Elon（在2008年特斯拉的金融危机）说：我们在银行里只有大概运营公司一个星期的现金，或者，更少。
记者：他告诉我他在半夜中醒来，发现他的枕头上有泪水。
26, (Context: Tesla's financial crisis in 2008)
Elon: I had to make a choice that either to take all the capital that I had left from the sale of Paypal to Ebay and invest that in Tesla, or Tesla would die.
Inc. journalist: There was this board meeting in the late of 2008, where they were discussing what's going to happen, and Elon just says: I'm going to raise a 40 million round to keep the company going. And the board members were wondering how is he going to do that. And he says: I'm going to put it in all myself.
Narrator: And he did, Musk personally guaranteed 40 million dollars more to revert the company's collapse.&
- Bloomberg Risk Takers: Elon Musk (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CTJt547--AM)
&Elon：我需要在将我所有从将Paypal卖给Ebay的资本投入特斯拉和特斯拉破产中做一个选择
记者：在2008年末有一个股东会议，讨论接下来应当怎么办，而Elon却只是说：我打算去募集大概四千万以维持整个公司的运营。当所有人在好奇他如何办到这个的时候，他说：&我打算靠自己投资这所有的钱。&&
叙述者：他做到了，Musk个人投资了四千万挽救了公司的倾覆。&
Interviewer: When you first started the company Zip2, how did you look for advice, did you have a mentor?
Elon: I read a lot of books, and talked to less people. I didn't have any one person who was a mentor, but I always looked for feedback from people around me, and feedbacks from historical context, which is book, basically.
Interviewer: Any book stood out? They were just general business books?
Elon: I didn't actually read many general business books, but I like reading biographies and autobiographies, I think those are pretty helpful. For example, Franklin's. I would say he's one of the people I always admire, Franklin is pretty awesome.
- Foundation Interview, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L-s_3b5fRd8#t=535
采访者：当你刚开始启动Zip2公司，你如何寻找建议，你有导师吗？
Elon：我读了很多书，却很少交流。没有一个人可以被我称作导师，不过我经常去问我身边的人去寻求反馈，也向历史内容去寻求反馈，也就是书。
采访者：有什么书特别好吗？或者只是一些普通的商业书籍？
Elon：我不太阅读很多普通商业书籍，但我喜欢阅读传记和自传，我认为这些很有意义。比如，富兰克林的传记。我要说他是我一直崇敬的人之一，富兰克林非常伟大。 &&&
Elon:&At the beginning of starting SpaceX, I thought that the most likely outcome is failure.
- Foundation Interview, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L-s_3b5fRd8#t=535
&Elon：在启动SpaceX的最开始，我以为最有可能的结果是失败。
29, (On Tesla design)
Interviewer: Did you have focused group where you decided on the decision? Or you were very much "I like the way that it looks, so let's go with it"?&
Elon: No, it literally was just weekly iterations with the design team. Every friday afternoon I meet with Franz and the design team and we go over every nuance of the car, every curve, every little piece of the car, what's right, what's wrong. That has to be filtered against the engineering needs, ergonomic needs, regulatory requirements, so really there are a lot of constraints, you can't just make a car in all shape you want.
- Foundation Interview, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L-s_3b5fRd8#t=535
&采访者：你是否有一个核心团队给你做决定？或者你只是&我喜欢他长的样子，那就这样吧！&？
Elon：不，事实上我和设计团队有每周例会。每个周五下午我都会和Franz还有设计团队见面。我们会讨论车子的每一个细节，每一个曲线，每一个车子的部件，什么是对的，什么是错的。车子的设计要按照工程学的需要，人体工程学的需要，统一的需要筛选，所以你不能做任意一个你想要的形状的车。&
Interviewer: Advice for first-time entrepreneurs?
Elon: It's important to reason from first principals, rather than by analogy. The normal way we conduct our live is that we reason by analogy - "we're doing this because it's like something else that was done", or "it's like what other people are doing", since it's kind of easier to reason by analogy by from first principals. First principals is kind of a physics way of looking at the world, you kind of boil things down to the most fundamental truth, and say "Okay, what are we sure is true, or sure possible is true", and then reason up from there. That takes a lot more mental energy.
Interviewer: Give me an example of that, what's one thing that you feel works for you?
Elon:&Sure. Somebody would say, and they do, that "battery packs are always really expensive, and that's just the way they're always be, because that's the way they've been in the past". No, that's pretty dumb. If you apply that to anything new, you wouldn't be able to get to that new thing. For batteries, they'd say "that's gonna cost $600 per kWh, it's not gonna be much better than that in the future" I would say "no, what are the batteries made of?" So the first principal is to say "Okay, what are the materials constitutes batteries? What is the broad market values of those constituents?" Okay, it's go copper, nickel, aluminum, carbon, and some polymers for separation and seal can. So break that down into material base is to say: okay, if we bought that in London Metal Exchange, how much would each of those things cost? Oh geez, $80 per kWh. So clearly, you just have to think of clever ways to take those materials and combine them to a shape of a battery cell, and you can have batteries that are much much cheaper than anyone realizes.
- Foundation Interview, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L-s_3b5fRd8#t=535
采访者：有什么给初次创业者的建议吗？
Elon：通过第一原则（first principal）推理非常重要，而不是类比。我们通常生活中我们行为的方式是通过类比：&我们做这个的原因是因为有另一件是是这么被做的。&或是&这像是别人正在做的&因为通过类比会比通过第一原则推理更简单。第一原则是通过物理角度去观察世界，就像是你要将事情拆解到最基础真理，同时说：&好，我们确信的是真的，或确信可能的是真的。&然后从这里开始推理。尽管这更费脑子。
采访者：给我一个例子，什么事情你觉得对你有效？
Elon：当然。有人会说，而且他们确实这么说了：&电池组通常都很贵，而且他也一直会很贵，因为这就是他们在过去通常的状态。&不，这很蠢。如果你在新东西上保持这个想法，你不可能得到这个新东西。对于电池，他们说：&每千瓦时会花费六百刀，在未来不可能比这个更好。&我会说&不，这个电池是什么做的？&所以第一原则会说：&好，什么物质会组成电池？这些成分的市场价格是多少？好，我们需要铜，镍，铝，碳，还有一部分隔离用的聚合物和封装罐。& 以拆分这些到物质层面就是说：&好，如果我们正伦敦金属交易所买，这些东西多贵？噢我的老天，每千瓦时才八十刀。所以很清晰的，你只需要考虑用聪明的办法去获得这些物质并把它合成为电池的形态，那么你就可以获得比任何人意识到的价格都低的电池。&&&&&
Relative to others with a similar net worth, I don't spend much money on personal matters.&I own no homes (not even my residence at this point), yachts or expensive artwork. My clothes are mostly jeans and t-shirts and I almost never take vacations, apart from kid related travel.
-Elon Musk: Correcting The Record About My Divorce, http://www.businessinsider.com/correcting-the-record-about-my-divorce-2010-7
相对于其他和我有差不多身家的人，我在个人事务上花的钱并不多。我没有房产（现在甚至没有固定的住处），游艇或者贵重的艺术品。我的衣服大多都是牛仔裤和T恤。除了和孩子旅行以外我几乎从来不休假。&
Musk, who is SpaceX&s chief designer as well as its CEO, is involved in virtually every technical decision. &I know my rocket inside out and backward,& he says. &I can tell you the heat treating temper of the skin material, where it changes, why we chose that material, the welding technique&down to the gnat&s ass.& And he pushes his people to do more than they think is possible. &There were times when I thought he was off his rocker,& Mueller confesses. &When I first met him, he said, &How much do you think we can get the cost of an engine down, compared to what you were predicting they&d cost at TRW?& I said, &Oh, probably a factor of three.& He said, &We need a factor of 10.& I thought, &That&s kind of crazy.& But in the end, we&re closer to his number!&
- Is SpaceX changing the rocket equation? http://www.airspacemag.com/space-exploration/Visionary-Launchers-Employees.html?c=y&page=3
&作为SpaceX 公司的首席设计师兼首席执行官，Elon Musk几乎参与到了每一个技术决策中。&我对我的火箭了如指掌，&他说，&我可以告诉你表面材料的热处理特点，它在什么点变化，为什么我们选用它，焊接技术&&多细的事情都可以。&他鼓励他的员工去做在他们看来不可能的事情。&有时候我真觉得他疯了，&Mueller承认道，&当我第一次遇到他的时候，他说，&跟你预测的TRW公司的成本相比，你觉得我们能把引擎的成本降下来多少？&我说，&也许能降到三分之一吧。&他说，&我们要十分之一。&我想，那可真是有点疯狂。但最后我们真的很接近。&
33, (On SpaceX's rocket Falcon 1)
The insistence on reusability &drives the engineers insane,& says Vozoff. &We could&ve had Falcon 1 in orbit two years earlier than we did if Elon had just given up on first stage reusability. The qualification for the Merlin engine was far outside of what was necessary, unless you plan to recover it and reuse it. And so the engineers are frustrated because this isn&t the quickest means to the end. But Elon has this bigger picture in mind. And he forces them to do what&s hard. And I admire that about him.&
- Is SpaceX changing the rocket equation? http://www.airspacemag.com/space-exploration/Visionary-Launchers-Employees.html?c=y&page=3
&坚持要使火箭可重复利用要把工程师们逼疯了。&Vozoff说，&如果Elon放弃第一级火箭的重复利用性，的我们本来可以提早两年将猎鹰1号发射的。默林发动机的远远超越了我们所需的合格的标准，除非你计划回收并且重新使用它。工程师们感到非常抓狂，因为这并不是解决问题最快的方法。但是Elon脑子里有一盘更大的棋。他强迫他们做困难的事情，我非常敬佩他这点。&
&Most people, when they make a lot of money don&t want to risk it,& he says. &For me it was never about money, but solving problems for the future of humanity.& He does not laugh or crack a smile when he says this. There is no hint of irony.
- Elon Musk, the Rocket Man With a Sweet Ride, http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/Elon-Musk-the-Rocket-Man-With-a-Sweet-Ride-.html
&&对于大多数人来说，当他们赚了很多钱他们就不愿与再去冒险，&他说，&对我来说，这一切从来都不是为了钱，而是为了解决人类未来面对的问题。&说这话的时候，他既没有大笑也没有露出微笑，丝毫没有在说反话的迹象。
Maye Musk: &His brain was just ahead of everyone else&s and we thought he was deaf, so we took him to the doctor.&But he was just in his own world.& Musk shrugs when I tell him that story. &They took my adenoids out, but it didn&t change anything.It&s just when I&m concentrating on something I tune everything else out.& He was bullied by other kids. He hated going to school. He was obsessed with facts and reading.&&If someone said the Moon is, like, a million miles away,& says Maye, &he&d say, &No, it&s 238,855 miles from the Earth, depending on when you view it.& Kids would just go &Huh?& He&s just curious about everything and never stops reading and remembers everything he reads.&He&s not in la- he just sees everything as a problem that can be fixed.&
- Elon Musk, the Rocket Man With a Sweet Ride, http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/Elon-Musk-the-Rocket-Man-With-a-Sweet-Ride-.html
&Maye Musk: &他的脑袋总是想在所有人的前面，以至于我们以为他是聋子。所以我们带他去看医生，但他只是沉浸在他自己的世界中。&当我告诉Musk这事的时候他耸了耸肩。&他们拿走了我的腺样体，但那并没有改变任何事。只是当我专注于某样东西时，我就会忽略其他的一切。&他被其他孩子欺负。他厌恶上学。他痴迷于事实和阅读。&如果有人说月亮在几百万英里外，&Maye说，&他会说。&不，月亮大约离地球238855英里，取决于你在哪里看它。&其他孩子只会&*（*￥#@￥@#@&&他只是对一切都充满了好奇，从不停止阅读和记住他所读的东西。他并不是活在自己的世界中，他只是把一切看做可以解决的问题罢了。
&Elon drives this think-bigger mentality,& says JB Straubel, in a lofty design studio behind SpaceX. &As engineers we tend to want to keep things small, but Elon is always imagining something so large it&s terrifying, and he&s incredibly demanding and hard-driving.&
- Elon Musk, the Rocket Man With a Sweet Ride, http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/Elon-Musk-the-Rocket-Man-With-a-Sweet-Ride-.html
&&Elon拥有一种&往大了想&的心态，&在SpaceX后面巨大的设计工作室里，JB Straubel说，&作为工程师我们倾向于把事情往小了做，但他总是有一些宏大到可怕的设想，并且他难以置信的苛刻和坚定。
Elon: &I&m head engineer and chief designer as well as CEO, so I don&t have to cave to some money guy,& he says. &I encounter CEOs who don&t know the details of their technology and that&s ridiculous to me.&
- Elon Musk, the Rocket Man With a Sweet Ride, http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/Elon-Musk-the-Rocket-Man-With-a-Sweet-Ride-.html
Elon: &我是首席工程师，首席设计师以及首席执行官，所以我不必受限于一些有钱人。我遇到过不知道他们自己技术的细节的首席执行官，那对我来说是荒谬的。&
The difference between Musk and everyone else is that passion and ambition. When Tesla nearly went bankrupt, he fired its CEO, took over the role himself and risked his personal fortune, pouring $75 million into the company. As production delays have eaten into Tesla&s cash, some analysts have doubted the company&s viability. But Musk renegotiated the terms of a government loan, sold shares in the company and seems to have fixed its production delays. &The factory is state of the art,& says Elaine Kwei, an auto industry analyst with Jefferies & Company, &and the delays were little things from other suppliers, like door handles. The car is awesome and demand doesn&t if they can sell 13,000 cars next year, they&ll break even. Tesla has the potential to dominate the EV category, similar to the Toyota Prius& dominance of the hybrid electric segment.&
- Elon Musk, the Rocket Man With a Sweet Ride, http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/Elon-Musk-the-Rocket-Man-With-a-Sweet-Ride-.html
&Musk和其他人的区别在于热情和野心。当特斯拉几乎破产，他解雇了他的首席执行官，自己当了起来并且赌上了自己的个人财产，将7500万美元投入了公司。当生产延误消耗了特斯拉的现金时，一些分析家怀疑过公司的可行性。但是Musk重新协商了政府借贷的条款，出售了公司的一些股份，并且看上去解决了生产延误的问题。&工厂是一个艺术的世界，&汽车工业的分析师Elaine Kwei说，&延误的只是一些其他供应商的小东西，例如门把手。特斯拉非常棒，需求看上去完全不是问题；如果他们明年能卖出13000辆，就可以收回成本。类似于丰田普锐斯在混合动力汽车领域的统治地位，特斯拉拥有垄断电动汽车领域的潜力。
Elon: Most papers are pretty useless. How many phd papers are actually used by someone ever?
- Khan school: A conversation with Elon Musk, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vDwzmJpI4io
Elon：大多数论文都是废纸。有多少博士毕业论文真的被人用到了？&
Elon: The internet came along, I thought: okay, for the internet, I'm pretty sure that success is one of the possible outcomes, and it seems like I can either do a phd and watch it happen, or I can participate and help it happen. So I decided to put things in hold, and started an internet company.
- Khan school: A conversation with Elon Musk, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vDwzmJpI4io
&网络时代来了，我想：好吧，对于互联网，我相当肯定成功是可能的。看起来我要么就这么读一个博士学位，见证互联网的成功，或者我可以参与进去，推动它的成功。所以我决定把主动权掌握在自己手上，建立一家互联网公司。
Elon: A lot of times people kind of thing creating a company is fun, it's really not that fun, well, there are periods of fun, and there are periods where they are just awful. Particularly, if you start a company, you actually have a distillation of all the worst problems of the company, there's no point spend your time on things that are going right, so you're only spend your time on things that are going wrong, and there are things that are going wrong that other people can't take care of, you have a filter for the crappest problem in the company. I think you have to feel quite compelled to do it, and have a fairly high pain threshold. You got to do the problems your company needs you to work on, not the problems you want to work on, and that goes on for a long time.
Asker: Then how do you keep your big picture?
Elon: There's just a very small amount of the mental energy is on the big picture, you know where you are generally heading for, and the actual path is gonna be some zig-zaggy thing, try not to deviate too far from the path, but you gonna have to do that in some degree
- Khan school: A conversation with Elon Musk, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vDwzmJpI4io
Elon：许多时候，人们认为创立一个公司是一件很有趣的事情，但其实并没有看上去那么有意思。可能有一些时候很快乐，可事实上也有许多很糟糕的时候。尤其是当你成立了一家公司，你要选出公司里最头疼的几个问题，花时间在不会出错的事情上是没有意义的，所以你应该只关注会出错的事情。而且有一些会出错的事情，是很多人顾及不到的。你在公司里需要一个可以筛选出最糟糕问题的过滤器。我认为你会感觉被迫去做它，所以需要一个较高的烦恼极限。你处理那些你的公司需要你处理的问题，而不是那些你想解决的问题，这需要很长一段时间去明白。&
Asker: When it comes to researching and analyzing an entrepreneur opportunity, how do you go about qualifying or legitimizing such a pursuit?
Elon: I'm not sure if I'm the best guy here (to answer this question), because&things I've chosen have not been optimized on a risk/return basis, I would not say that I went to the rocket business, car business or the solar business thinking that it's a great opportunity,&I just thought that something needed to be done in these industries in order to make a difference, and that's why I did it. But in general I do think you should think about what you are doing will result in a disruptive change or not, if it's just incremental, it's unlikely to be something major. It's gonna be something that's substantially better than what's going on before.
- Elon Musk Keynote - SXSW Interactive 2013, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1sumVEEAZ_w
关于创业机会的研究与分析，您是如何来规划这一追求的？Elon：你这个问题可能问错人了， 因为我选择所从事的研究并不是由风险程度来决定的。我开始进入航空，汽车，和太阳能行业并不是因为那里蕴含着很大的商机；我只是我可以在那些行业中完成一些急需要做的事情，由此影响和改变行业未来的发展走向。这也是我当初萌生创业的契机。但是总的来说，我觉得那些想要创业的人应该先思考清楚自己所做的事情是否具有突破性。如果只是锦上添花，那么你的事业并不会对业界产生重大影响。也就是说，你的创新必须超越前人。&&
Asker：当涉及到调查和分析一个商业机会时，你是如何评估或认可这样的追求？
Elon：我不是很确定我是否是这里最合适的人（去回答这个问题），因为我选择去做的那些事情并不是基于风险/回报最优化上。我不会说我去做那些火箭业务，汽车业务或者是太阳能业务是因为我认为这是一个很好的机会。我做了许多，是因为我认为会对这些工业产生影响，这些是必须要做的。但实际上我认为你应该去思考你在做的是否在最终会产生颠覆性的改变。如果只是普通的增加一些变化，它不太可能成为主流。成为主流的将会是那些比过去优秀地多的事物。
Elon: I'm not really super hardcore of being ultra-environmental, because I think that you don't want to make life miserable, we want to create a better future, but a better future is not where we are constantly deprive ourselves the things we love.
- Driving With Elon Musk, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R8PEnK3aoFQ
&Elon：我并不是一个顽固的极端环境主义者。因为我认为，为了避免使我们的生活变得很悲惨，我们希望去创造一个更好的未来。但是一个更好地未来并不是基于我们不断剥夺那些我们自己热爱的东西。
His mother has been quoted as recalling, &He read the entire Encyclopedia Britannica when he was only eight or nine, and he remembered it.&
- Rocket Man, http://queensu.ca/news/alumnireview/rocket-man
他母亲回忆道，&他在8或9岁的时候就已经阅读了整本《不列颠百科全书》，并且能够清晰地记住它。&&
&I was going to do physics and engineering at Waterloo, but then I visited the campus & and, you may not want to print this,& Elon says with a laugh, &but there didn&t seem to be any girls there! So, I visited Queen&s, and there were girls there. I didn&t want to spend my undergraduate time with a bunch of dudes.&
- Rocket Man, http://queensu.ca/news/alumnireview/rocket-man
&&我那时候准备在滑铁卢研究物理和工程，但是当我参观了校园，然后你不会希望把这段话打出来，&Elon笑着说，&在滑铁卢我看不到一个女生。所以我去参观了Queen&s然后那里有好多女生。我不希望和一大群男生一起度过我的本科生活。&
Recalling his two student years in Canada, Musk notes, &In the first two years at university, you learn a lot about a great many things. One particular thing that I learned at Queen&s & both from faculty and students & was how to work collaboratively with smart people and make use of the Socratic method to achieve commonality of purpose.&
- Rocket Man, http://queensu.ca/news/alumnireview/rocket-man
回忆起他在加拿大的两年学生生活，Musk写道，&在大学的前两年，你将会学到很多很棒的东西。在Queen&s我从学生和老师那里学到的第一件特别的事就是如何与聪明的人一起合作，然后用苏格拉底的方法去实现共同的目的。&
And how did Musk recruit the scientists and other technical people he needed to join him in order to create, and quickly, a private rocket company capable of taking over the transport of space cargo after NASA&s space shuttle program ended?
&It would have been quite difficult if I&d just started off by cold-calling them and saying that I wanted to start a rocket company,& he says.
&What I said instead & because these people were working at Northrop-Grumman, Boeing, and other big aerospace companies & was &Would you mind helping me with a feasibility study to find out if it&s possible to make significant advancements in rocket technology?&It will involve a few weekends and evenings of your time,& I said I&d pay a decent amount for their help, and so they were enthusiastic.&We had a series of meetings, and the people I recruited put a lot of thought into it and came to the conclusion that yes, it would be possible to build better rockets than had been made before.&
Was it really that straightforward?
Says Musk, &I essentially led them to a conclusion that they created.&It was sort of a Socratic dialogue on a technical level.&The essence of a Socratic dialogue,& he adds with another of his trademark soft laughs, &is that people wind up convincing themselves.&People are much more willing to change their opinion if you&re not forcing it.&
- Rocket Man, http://queensu.ca/news/alumnireview/rocket-man
&Musk是如何在NASA的基地停止了项目后，招募科学家和其他技术人员为了创造并且迅速使得一个私人的火箭公司能够接管基地货物的运输？
&这会很困难如果我只是开始用冷冰冰的电话打给他们，并且告诉他们我想创立一个火箭公司，&他说。
&由于这些人在诺斯洛普格拉曼公司，波音或其他航空公司工作，我用另一种方式告诉他们&你们愿意用可行性研究来帮助我找出是否有可能在火箭技术做出重大改进？它会占用你们几周末和几夜的时间，&我说我会支付合适的数目来感谢他们的帮助，因此他们都很热衷。我们有过很多次的会议，然后我招募的人们思考了很多。最终得出结论，是的，有可能建造出比过去更好地火箭。&
是不是真的就那么直截了当？
Musk说，&我本质上是让他们得出一个自己的结论。这其实在科技层面上是一个苏格拉底的对话。苏格拉底对话的本质是，&他用他标志性温和的笑容补充道，&人们以说服他们自己作为结束。如果你不是强制性去改变别人的想法，人们其实很乐意去改变它。
&It&s something of a clich&,& he says, &but a lot of my ideas nowadays come to me when I&m in the shower,& he says. &It&s because I&ve been thinking about them, the mind processing them subconsciously while I&m sleeping, and what&s the first thing you do when you get up in the morning? You take a shower.&
- Rocket Man, http://queensu.ca/news/alumnireview/rocket-man
&这说起来很陈词滥调，&他说，&但我现在很多想法其实来源于我洗澡的时候，&他说。&这因为当我在思考他们的时候，我的思维下意识地在我睡觉的时候处理他们。那当你起床后做的第一件事是什么？你就去洗澡了。
&There are times, late at night, when I pace,& he confides. &If I&m trying to solve a problem, and I think I&ve got some elements of it kind of close to being figured out, I&ll pace for hours trying to think it through.&
- Rocket Man, http://queensu.ca/news/alumnireview/rocket-man
&&有很多次我在深夜散步，&他说，&如果我正在尝试解决一个问题，然后我认为我已经获得了一些近的足以可以解决这个问题的元素，我会散步很久去把它想通。&
&Elon has the incredible ability and determination to work and work on an idea until he has the solution,& says his brother Kimbal. &If he believes it&s possible & and he always does when it&s a problem he&s working on & there&s no option for turning back with him. When 99.99 per cent of people would have given up, Elon finds the solution that amazes everyone around him.&
- Rocket Man, http://queensu.ca/news/alumnireview/rocket-man
&&Elon对着工作着难以置信的能力和决心，他会不断发掘主意直到他找到方法，&他的兄弟Kimbal说道，&经常如果他认为他所想的问题是可能的，那他就永远不可能回头。当99.99%的人选择了放弃，Elon就会找到那个让周围所有人都惊讶的办法。&
&I think we should try to make things happen for the right reason. We shouldn&t give in to the politics,& he said. &If we give in to that, we&ll get the political system we deserve.&
- Elon Musk Talks About His Falling Out With the ZuckerPAC, http://allthingsd.com//elon-musk-talks-about-his-falling-out-with-the-zuckerpac/
&我们应该为了正义而战，不应该向政治低头。如果我们向政治低头了，那么我们只会生活在我们应得的政治系统里。
&It&s better to have a higher quality venture capitalist who you think would be great to work with than to get a higher valuation with someone where there&s even a question mark, really.&
- Inside the Inventive and Entrepreneurial Mind of Elon Musk, http://blog.kissmetrics.com/the-mind-of-elon-musk/
&相对于和一个评价很高但不确定是否要和你合作的投资者来说，一个你乐于和你合作并且敢于冒险的资本家才是我们的选择。
&I think the best way to attract venture capital is to try and come up with a demonstration of whatever product or service it is and ideally take that as far as you can. Just see if you can sell that to real customers and start generating some momentum. The further along you can get with that, the more likely you are to get funding.&
- Inside the Inventive and Entrepreneurial Mind of Elon Musk, http://blog.kissmetrics.com/the-mind-of-elon-musk/
&吸引风险投资的最好方法就是想办法随机找一个物品或服务并尽你最大的努力，看你有没有办法卖给真正的客户并且能够计算出它在市场上价格变化的幅度, 走得越远，你就越有可能获得投资。
&Work like hell. I mean you just have to put in 80 to 100 hour weeks every week. [This] improves the odds of success. If other people are putting in 40 hour work weeks and you&re putting in 100 hour work weeks, then even if you&re doing the same thing you know that&.you will achieve in 4 months what it takes them a year to achieve.&
- Inside the Inventive and Entrepreneurial Mind of Elon Musk, http://blog.kissmetrics.com/the-mind-of-elon-musk/
&工作要像在地狱一样，你只要每周工作80到100个小时，就可以提高你成功的概率。如果其他人每周只工作40小时，而你工作100小时，那么即使你在做同样的事情，你就会在4个月内完成其他人一年的工作。
&Right now we&re working six days a week. Some people are working seven days a week & I do & but for a lot of people, working seven days a week is not sustainable. The factory is operational seven days a week but most people we only ask to work six days a week right now and, obviously, we want to get that to a more reasonable number. I think people can sustain a 50-hour work week. I think that&s a good work week. If you&re joining Tesla, you&re joining a company to work hard. We&re not trying to sell you a bill of goods. If you can go work for another company and then maybe you can work a 40-hour work week. But if you work for Tesla, the minimum is really a 50-hour week and there are times when it&ll be 60- to 80-hour weeks. If somebody is hourly, they receive time-and-a-half, but if somebody is salary, then we do cash and stock bonuses for going above and beyond the call of duty. So we try to make it fair compensation, but the general understanding is that if you&re at Tesla, you&re choosing to be at the equivalent of Special Forces. There&s the regular Army, and that&s fine, but if you are working at Tesla, you&re choosing to step up your game. And that has pluses and minuses. It&s cool to be Special Forces, but it also means you&re working your ass off. It&s not for everyone.&
- Inside the Inventive and Entrepreneurial Mind of Elon Musk, http://blog.kissmetrics.com/the-mind-of-elon-musk/
&现在我们一周工作六天，一些人（像我）甚至工作7天。但是对很多人来说，他们无法连续一直一周工作7天。我们工厂一周7天都处于运作状态，但是我们只让工人们一周工作6天，并且显然，有些人还希望工作时间是一个合理的数字。我认为人可以保持一周工作50个小时-这是一个极好的工作周。如果你加入了特斯拉，那么你就要刻苦工作。我们并没有花言巧语骗取你的信任，如果你可以去为另一个公司工作并且可能一周只工作40小时，但是如果你为特斯拉工作，那么你最少一周要工作50小时，并且有时可能会60到80小时。如果是小时工，那么他会收到1.5倍的小时工钱，如果是薪水制，那么我们会给现金或者是公司股票作为额外工作的奖励。所以我们尝试做出合理的补偿，但是总体的理解就是：如果你在特斯拉，那么你相当于选择了特种部队。美国是有这个军队，不过它还好。但是如果你在特斯拉工作，那么你就踏进了游戏，游戏中有奖有罚。在特种部队听起来很帅，但它同时意味着你要工作工作工作，这不是针对所有人。
On hiring, Musk looks for two things & a positive attitude and being easy to work with. People must like working with the applicant. They have a no a-hole policy at Musk&s companies.
- Inside the Inventive and Entrepreneurial Mind of Elon Musk, http://blog.kissmetrics.com/the-mind-of-elon-musk/
&招聘的时候要看两样东西-积极的态度和容易相处。人们必须喜欢和应聘者一起工作。特斯拉没有工作不舒服的地方。
&I think it&s very important to have a feedback loop. Like where you&re constantly thinking about what you&ve done and how you could be doing it better. I think that&s probably the single best bit of advice, is just constantly be thinking about how you could do things better and questioning yourself.&
- Inside the Inventive and Entrepreneurial Mind of Elon Musk, http://blog.kissmetrics.com/the-mind-of-elon-musk/
&我认为反馈循环是很重要的，就像你一直在想你做过什么并且怎样能够改进它们。其实我相信最好的建议就是从不断的质疑自己和不停的改进中得到的。
&There is a visual inspection of the inside and outside, looking at fits and interior finish and often sitting inside and making sure that everything is put together correctly. Obviously, the software is always going to be the same, so I&m not trying to see if there&s any variation there. And then, as I said, I pick cars at random to drive and make sure that the driving feel is correct and the sound system is working as it should and if there&s an issue, I&ll trace it back to the exact place on the line where that occurred. For example, yesterday I found that the installation of the headlamp was not quite correct and there was a slight asymmetry between the right and the left. I think most people wouldn&t see it, but it seemed pretty obvious to me. So I was like, this doesn&t seem right, this is off by like three millimeters. So I literally walked over to the lead tech on that portion of the line to find out why is this three millimeters wrong and it turned out he was still operating with the part dimensions of the old part, but we had made a new part that didn&t require shimming and nobody had given him the new instructions that it no longer needed shimming to get to the right position. And that was the origin of the problem. On Saturday, I will talk to the whole assembly, metal stamping and plastics team to make sure that everybody understands that they are all empowered to be perfectionists on the line and that they should not let a car move from their station if they see anything that is slightly wrong. They must reverse the line and send it back to the prior station.&
- Inside the Inventive and Entrepreneurial Mind of Elon Musk, http://blog.kissmetrics.com/the-mind-of-elon-musk/
&对于生产的每一辆车，它们都会被仔细地检查外型和车内配置。检察人员坐在车内便可以确保每一个配件都被安装在了正确的地方。当然了，所有车内的软件都是一样的，所以我不会去检查软件是否有任何的误差。就像说我的，我会随机抽出来几辆车来开，并确保开起来的感觉都是正确并且一致，会检查音响系统是否正常运行，以及查找车子安装是否有什么不合格的。如果发现了错误，我便会把这辆车退回到出现问题的那一环节。比如昨天我发现一个车的两个前灯安装得不太对称，虽然大部分人都看不出来，但是对我来说那大约三毫米的误差很明显。于是我便找到了进行这一技术的工作人员然后发现他还在用我们旧的零件，实际上我们新开发出了一个零件是不需要垫垫隙片的，但并没有人通知他。这便是导致误差的原因了。到了周六，我就会给所有的员工开会，包括五金冲压和塑料部门，告诉他们被赋权在生产线上做一个至善论者，不允许让任何一个有差错的产品离开他们的生产站，如果发现有误差了，就必须返回上一个环节重新来过。
&Persistence is very important. You should not give up unless you are forced to give up.& He later says: &You have to be cautious in always saying one should always persist and never give up because there actually are times when you should give up, because you&re doing something in error. But if you&re convinced that what you&re doing is correct then you should never give up.&
- Inside the Inventive and Entrepreneurial Mind of Elon Musk, http://blog.kissmetrics.com/the-mind-of-elon-musk/
&坚持对于一个企业家来说是很重要的。如果不是你被迫得必须放弃，那就坚决不要放弃。并且，当你说一个人必须前吃补血的时候要很小心，因为有些时候人们是必须要放弃的因为他们正在做的事情是错误的。当然了，如果你百分之百确定你现在在做的事情是正确的，那你就要永不言弃。
&I think it&s really a mindset. You have to decide. We&re going to try to do things differently. Well, provided that they&re better. You shouldn&t do things differently just because they&re different. They need to be different or better. But I think you have to sort of decide. Let&s think beyond the normal stuff and have an environment where that sort of thinking in encouraged and rewarded and where it&s okay to fail as well. Because when you try new things, you try this idea, that idea&.well a large number of them are not gonna work, and that has to be okay. If every time somebody comes up with an idea it has to be successful, you&re not gonna get people coming up with ideas.&&
&Get to a useful prototype with the least amount of money is probably a good idea&.if people see actual hardware and it&s working, that is much more convincing [than PowerPoint, a website, etc].&
- Inside the Inventive and Entrepreneurial Mind of Elon Musk, http://blog.kissmetrics.com/the-mind-of-elon-musk/
&我认为这确实是一个思维定式，人们需要决定自己是否要跳出来。我们应该做一些不一样的事情，当然，这些事情必须是能够带来更多益处的，而并不是仅仅因为这些事情不同。我们换一个角度想，如果你被放在了一个鼓励创新并且允许犯错的环境下，你不停的尝试新想法，不停地失败。但是和我们现在所处的环境不同的是，没有任何人责怪或嘲笑你。回到人们现在的认知里面，如果一个人一提出一个想法就必须是成功的，那么就不会再有人有新的想法了。此外，能用最少的钱做出一个能运行的产品原型要比用很多页PPT或者是网页来解释这个产品有说服力多了。
&If you&re trying to impose too much structure or if you don&t allow failure. A lot of companies, typically as they get bigger tend to have a risk/reward asymmetry, failure is severely punished [and] success is moderately awarded. That&s not a good idea if you want to be innovative because by its very nature innovation will result in many attempts that don&t work.&
- Inside the Inventive and Entrepreneurial Mind of Elon Musk, http://blog.kissmetrics.com/the-mind-of-elon-musk/
&一些发展中变得风险和收益不均等的公司，失败变得十分可怕而成功只能有限度地为公司带来收益。 许多公司过多地利用了结构，并且不允许失败。对于创新的公司来说，这不是一个好的方案，因为许多的初级方案将会带来许许多多失败的结果。
&My goal was never to be the CEO of Tesla&I had an interest in electric cars that goes back 20 years to when I was in college&.since I was doing SpaceX, I knew that if I did try to start an electric car company and run it that it would be extremely painful to run two companies. I really tried my hardest not to be the CEO of Tesla. At any point, from day one I could have been the CEO because I had majority control of the company, but I really tried not to. &At the end of 2008, I had to commit all of my reserve capital to Tesla (all of it that wasn&t allocated to SpaceX), and so I felt I had to steer the ship correctly&.it was super not fun.&
- Inside the Inventive and Entrepreneurial Mind of Elon Musk, http://blog.kissmetrics.com/the-mind-of-elon-musk/
&&我的目标从来都不是成为Tesla的CEO。。。我自从20年前在大学时就对电动汽车情有独钟。。。因为当时我在研发SpaceX时，我知道如果在此同时开始启动一个电动汽车的公司，在两个公司之间我将非常难以掌控局势。我竭尽全力不想去做Telsa的CEO。不论如何，在那第一天我对公司有了掌控权并可以坐上CEO的宝座时，我的确尝试不去做CEO。&2008年底，我必须将我所有的Telsa股份委托（那些并没有转至SpaceX的股份）。这时我感觉我终于正常地掌舵了。。。之前的做法真的没有乐趣。
&I think of myself more [like] an engineer, who, in order to invent the things I want to invent and create them, that I have to do the company as well. So I&m more reluctantly the CEO. It&s not my preference, actually.&
- Inside the Inventive and Entrepreneurial Mind of Elon Musk, http://blog.kissmetrics.com/the-mind-of-elon-musk/
&&我认为我更像一个工程师。我会去创造我想创造的东西包括公司。我不情愿去当CEO。这真的不是我的喜好。&
&I started SpaceX with the expectation of failure.&
- Inside the Inventive and Entrepreneurial Mind of Elon Musk, http://blog.kissmetrics.com/the-mind-of-elon-musk/
&&我在失败的憧憬中创建了SpaceX。&
"The 180 millions I earn from Paypal after tax, 100 went to SpaceX, 70 to Tesla, and 10 to SolarCity, I literally had to borrow money for rent.&"
- PandoMonthly: Fireside Chat With Elon Musk, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uegOUmgKB4E
&我在税后赚到的1亿8000万美元，一亿去了SpaceX，七千万去了Tesla，一千万去了SolarCity，我真的需要借钱租房了。&&&
Elon: (After proposing a double-deck highway plan) And who were in charge of the 405 construction? They are bloody idiots! I hate them!
- PandoMonthly: Fireside Chat With Elon Musk, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uegOUmgKB4E
Elon:：（在创建了双层公路方案后）谁在掌管着这405个工程啊？他们是脑残！我恨他们。 &
Interviewer: Steve Jobs is, was and is a wonderful Silicon Valley icon. Is he someone that you've admired & what have you learned from Steve's life and work?
Elon: Well, he's certainly someone I've admired. Although I did try to talk to him once at a party and he was super rude to me. :(
- An Evening with Elon Musk and Alison van Diggelen,&&http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AHHwXUm3iIg
- http://www.quora.com/Nevaeh-Armstrong
&Q:Steve Jobs是一个华丽的硅谷旗帜。他是你的偶像吗？他有让你学到什么吗？
A：他是我崇拜的人。虽然我尝试着在一个派对上和他说话，他却对我十分的粗鲁。&
Anonymous: As one of Elon's close friends, I think I am qualified to answer this. I'll give you an example: I am an avid poker player and believe I'm quite good at it. One day, our conversation drifts to poker, and he tells me, in one of his not so rare go-getter moods, that he wants to learn how to play. Generally unaccustomed to such enthusiasm, I oblige. After about 3 hands or so of just us two playing, he folds after raising a couple times with me just matching his bet. Perplexed, I ask him the reason. He tells me that he had been calculating the probability of getting two pairs but the new lowered odds did not deserve any more money. I was surprised by his mental ability to grasp the game so quickly. His analytical intelligence, coupled with his strong pragmatism, can make him a very good poker player.
- Just how smart is Elon Musk? http://www.quora.com/Elon-Musk/Just-how-smart-is-Elon-Musk
&作为Elon最亲近的朋友之一，我觉得我能回答这个问题。我来给你个例子：我是一个贪婪的扑克手并且非常擅长扑克。一天，我们谈到了扑克，他告诉我说他难得有好一点的心情，他想学扑克。
我并不太习惯他的热情，我就顺从了他。三手之后，只有我们两个人在玩，他在我匹配他的赌注后有加了好几次注。
我感到很迷惑，问他为什么。他告诉我说他在计算得到两对牌的可能，但是新的低胜算不值得我投入更多的钱了。我被他掌握游戏的智力惊讶到了。他的分析力和实践力，让他变成了很好的扑克手。&&
Dolly Singh(SpaceX Employee): Working with him isn&t a comfortable experience, he is never satisfied with himself so he is never really satisfied with anyone around him. He pushes himself harder and harder and he pushes others around him the exact same way. The challenge is that he is a machine and the rest of us aren&t. So if you work for Elon you have to accept the discomfort. But in that discomfort is the kind of growth you can&t get anywhere else, and worth every ounce of blood and sweat.
- What is it like to work with Elon Musk? http://www.quora.com/What-is-it-like-to-work-with-Elon-Musk
&Dolly Singh（SpaceX 雇员）：和他一起工作不是一个很舒服的经历，他从来不能被满足。他对自己的要求一直很严，对别人也一样。但是问题是，他是机器而我们不是。如果你和Elon一起工作，你必须适应这个情况。但是在这里的成长你在哪里都得不到，这些成长是值得你的辛苦劳动的。
Anonymous(Tesla Employee):&During one of my first meetings with Elon, he made a request that I thought, frankly, was crazy. I asked my coworkers after the meeting if we really were going to do that. I was told "if Elon says to do it, we do it. Give it time, you'll understand." Sure enough, each seemingly crazy request was grounded in a logic only Elon understood at the time. But we trusted him and I ultimately found myself in agreement - sometimes it took six months or longer to get there.
- What is it like to work with Elon Musk? http://www.quora.com/What-is-it-like-to-work-with-Elon-Musk
&Telsa雇员）：我第一次遇见Elon的时候，他对我有一个疯狂的要求。我会后问了我的同事我是不是应该真的去做。他们对我说&Elon说要做，我们就做。时间久了，你会理解的。&可以肯定的是这些疯狂的要求背后只有Elon理解为什么要这么做。但我们信任他&&我在成为公司雇员6个月之后和我自己达成的协议。
Anonymous(Tesla Employee):&No matter how tired he was or how many times he'd travelled back and forth across the country in the last few days, or how many fire-drills were running simultaneously, he understood what you were saying. He'd sit there with his famous "uh huh" and a head nod, acknowledging that he understood. And his followup questions were targeted, thoughtful and relevant.
- What is it like to work with Elon Musk? http://www.quora.com/What-is-it-like-to-work-with-Elon-Musk
Tesla 雇员：不论他此时多么劳累，不论他之前刚在这个国家来来回回出差多少次，甚至不论此时有多少个紧急的消防演习在同时进行，他都可以保持冷静地理解你说话的意思。他会坐在那儿，发出他招牌&嗯哼&和点头来表示他听懂了。 然后紧随其后的问题直戳重点且经过深思熟虑。
Anonymous(Tesla Employee):&When we met with Elon, we were prepared. Because if you weren't, he'd let you know it. If he asked a reasonable follow up question and you weren't prepared with an answer, well, good luck... Our discussions were efficient, to the point, and based in fact. He expected to see progress.
- What is it like to work with Elon Musk? http://www.quora.com/What-is-it-like-to-work-with-Elon-Musk
Tesla雇员：当我们遇见Elon的时候，我们的大脑必须全神贯注准备好。不然的话，他会给你好果子吃的哼哼。如果他问一个合理的问题而你没有准备好答案，哈哈哈，那只能祝你好运了。我们的谈话必须十分高效，切点，并且基于事实。他必须看到谈话的进展。&
Anonymous(Tesla Employee):&You always need to be making progress. And if you weren't, you needed to escalate or find a solution to the deadlock. It was unacceptable to keep problems to yourself.
- What is it like to work with Elon Musk? http://www.quora.com/What-is-it-like-to-work-with-Elon-Musk
&Tesla雇员：你必须总是做出进步。如果你没有，你必须去找到超越现状的解决方案。你一直不解决某个问题是不允许出现的状况。
Anonymous(Tesla Employee):&Sometimes we'd get stuck dealing with a vendor or making a decision across departments. He often tell us "Get me on the phone with the CEO of &insert company here&. I don't care what the problem is. We need it resolved now." Or if it was a company decision, he'd just assert the answer and we'd move on.
- What is it like to work with Elon Musk? http://www.quora.com/What-is-it-like-to-work-with-Elon-Musk
&Tesla雇员：有的时候我们在某个供应商或者其他的部门的方面遇到了问题， Elon就是告诉我们&让我跟XXX公司的CEO打电话，我不在意究竟出了什么问题，我只在意我们现在必须解决它。& 如果这是个关乎整个公司的问题，他会直接给出答案然后我们就进行下一个问题的讨论。
Anonymous(Tesla Employee):&When you're in the trenches working on a hard problem, it's natural to convince yourself it can't be done. You start to compromise. Elon had no tolerance for this and rightly so. We'd exceed our goals, because we had to. It was how the company would survive and he reminded us of this if we drifted too far. If market conditions prompted us to change course, we would. If we needed his sign off on a large project or spend, as long as we did our homework, it was logical, and we laid out a plan, he'd be ok discussing. But he'd often send us back to rethink the proposal if it didn't jive. He wasn't afraid to spend money when needed.
- What is it like to work with Elon Musk? http://www.quora.com/What-is-it-like-to-work-with-Elon-Musk
Tesla雇员：当你处理问题是遇到麻烦的时候，你会理所当然地说服自己这事儿太困难了。你开始妥协。Elon显然不给妥协留任何余地。我们必须超过目标地完成。这就是这个公司发展得这么好的原因，并且Elon会经常提醒我们其重要性。如果市场状况激励我们要改变方向，我们会顺势做出改变。&当我们需要他签手一个大项目的时候，他也会同意讨论，但当这个项目不合理，他也会让我们重新考虑。必要的时候他不怕花钱。
Anonymous(Tesla Employee):&It doesn't matter what the status quo is. Never tell Elon "well, that's how we did it at Ford." He pushed us to always do the right thing for the customer. Making money is important to keep the company running, but it's not the most important thing. He pushed us to make a great product that is uncompromised in solving the needs of our customers, even if it goes against the automotive norm and the critics on Wall Street.
- What is it like to work with Elon Musk? http://www.quora.com/What-is-it-like-to-work-with-Elon-Musk
Tesla雇员： &不论当时是什么状况，绝不要告诉Elon&我们在福特公司就是这么做的&。他总是要求我们去为对顾客有利的事。赚钱对公司运营是非常重要的，但是这不是最重要的。他要求我们只做的能不打折扣满足顾客需求的产品，即使它们与汽车的标准和华尔街的批评家言论背道而驰。
Anonymous(Tesla Employee):&We'd frequently see him looking at a CAD drawing at an engineer's desk. He has all vehicle engineering changes first installed on his Model S or Roadster so he could personally approve it before it goes to customers. His expectations were high. If we couldn't meet them, then he'd rather scrap the work than build a mediocre product. He wasn't afraid to get down in the details.
- What is it like to work with Elon Musk? http://www.quora.com/What-is-it-like-to-work-with-Elon-Musk
&Tesla雇员：我们经常看见他在工程师的桌子上钻研计算机辅助设计图。他总先把造汽车脚要改变的工程设计在自己的S模型车或者敞篷跑车上先验证一下，在卖给客户之前就亲自证明其性能。他总是有很高的期待，如果我们不能达到，他宁可把产品拆了也不愿意做一个中庸的产品。他一点儿也不介意去仔细抠一个个小细节。
Anonymous(Tesla Employee):&Sometimes he'd be in a really good mood. Sometimes not. But for the most part, I found him to be easy to get along with and supportive when progress was being made. And be careful disagreeing with him. He frequently knew more than we expected, so it was risky to tell him he was wrong because he might not be.
- What is it like to work with Elon Musk? http://www.quora.com/What-is-it-like-to-work-with-Elon-Musk
&Tesla雇员：有的时候他心情很好，但又是不好。但是多多是时间我觉得他很容易相处，并且当有进展时他极为支持。而我在不同意他时必须非常小心谨慎，因为他总是比我们预料的知道得更多，很多时候你告诉他这是错的，事实上他根本没错，而是我们不够了解。
Mike Townsend(Founder ZingCheckout/Flowtab INTJ): Elon never puts up with any technical BS. He focuses extremely highly on the integrity of work and has a very professional but low tolerance for under-performers. I am told that he doesn't care much about personality flaws, as long as you take the initiative, get shit done, and fast. At SpaceX there is an expression: "No matter how hard you work, someone else is working harder"... You can guess who that is. Quoting my friend: "Elon is a serious powerhouse in the building and sets the culture for everyone, which makes it exciting to work there."
- What is it like to work with Elon Musk? http://www.quora.com/What-is-it-like-to-work-with-Elon-Musk
&Mike Townsend(ZingCheckout/Flowtab INTJ创办者)：Elon极端强调工作的完整度和专业度，绝不容忍工作欠佳的雇员。我听说他毫不在意什么性格缺陷，只要你主动工作，快速地达成目标。在SpaceX有一句名言：&不论你工作多么努力，总有人比你更加努力。&你可以才到这是谁了。用一句我朋友的话来说：&Elon是那幢建筑里最严肃且精力充沛的人。他的强大气场感染了这个公司里的每一个人，让工作都显得非常激动人心。&
Elon: I think it's a good idea, when creating a company, to create a type of demonstration. If it's a product, to have a good mockup, if it's a software, to have a good demo ware, or be able to sketch something, so people can really envision what it is about. Try to get to that point as soon as possible, and then iterate to make it as real as possible as fast as possible
- An Evening with Elon Musk and Alison van Diggelen http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AHHwXUm3iIg
&Elon：我觉得当要创造一个公司的时候，...
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